As COVID-19 continues to change the way the world does business, some industries are doing relatively well despite stay-at-home orders and mandatory business closures; however, there are a lot of local businesses out there that have suffered a big hit to their cash flow. Even with federal restrictions being lifted and paired with government relief programs like the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), individual state mandates and requirements have made it difficult for smaller operations to conduct business as usual, and thus difficult to meet business expenses.
Thankfully, another program called the Main Street Lending Program has recently been put into place by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston in order to provide further aid to small and medium-sized businesses that were doing well before the pandemic. Unlike some of the other federally-funded financial aid provided, the Main Street Lending Program Business Loans are not grants and cannot be forgiven. The Federal Reserve has committed to actually purchasing a portion of the loans given by banks, ranging anywhere from 85% to 95% of the loan, depending on the loan option. This incentivizes banks to be more lenient with their lending requirements while still urging responsible lending decisions since there is still a portion of the loan retained by the lender. Banks are now providing Main Street business loans ranging from $250,000 to $300,000,000.
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
01 The business must have been established before March 13, 2020.
Why, you might ask? This was around the time that COVID-19 began to truly affect the United States economy, so again, while we are all grateful for pandemic-inspired business pop-ups like seamstresses and delivery services, the Main Street Lending Program is really meant for those who were already up and running before the economy took a hit.
02 The business must not be on the list of businesses that aren’t eligible for Small Business Administration (SBA) loans.
as well as for other small business administration loans in general. Some examples of ineligible businesses include but are not limited to: non-profits, life insurance companies, private clubs and businesses which limit the number of memberships for reasons other than capacity, and businesses principally engaged in teaching, instructing, counseling or indoctrinating religion or religious beliefs.
A note for non-profits: the reason non-profit organizations are ineligible is because the metrics used to underwrite the Main Street Lending Program loans aren’t set up to be able to properly evaluate the finances of non-profit organizations. The good news is that the federal government does acknowledge the hard work that a lot of non-profit organizations have been involved in during the pandemic and are reportedly working on a non-profit-specific aid program.
03 The business must either have 15,000 employees or fewer OR must have 2019 annual revenues of $5 billion USD or less.
Remember, this is an either/or situation–the business only needs to meet one of these criteria. If you’re unsure how to officially count your employees, you can refer to the SBA’s regulations and affiliation rules. Also keep in mind that “employees” includes not only full-time workers, but also counts part-time and seasonal (though it will generally exclude independent contractors and volunteers).
04 The business must be a U.S.-based business.
The business needs to have been created or organized in the United States, and a majority of its operations and employees must also be located in the United States. Generally, “majority” means at least 50% assets, annual net income, annual net operating revenues, and annual consolidated operating expenses.
05 The business can only participate in one of the three Main Street Lending Program facilities as mentioned above, and cannot participate in the Primary Market Corporate Credit Facility.
As mentioned earlier, there are three loan programs businesses can participate in, called “facilities,” including the Main Street New Loan Facility, the Main Street Priority Loan Facility, and the Main Street Expanded Loan Facility. The business also becomes ineligible if they participate in the Primary Market Corporate Credit Facility (PMCCF), which is another federal program meant to support credit to employers via bonds and loans.
06 The business must not be part of the group of businesses that received specific support from the 2020 Coronavirus Economic Stabilization Act (CARES Act)
This refers to the provisions specifically set for airline carriers, air cargo, and businesses essential to national security. A majority of businesses that meet all the requirements listed thus far will usually not be classified under this provision, but it’s always a good idea to double check.
Please keep in mind that while these are the eligibility requirements set forth by the Federal Reserve, it is still ultimately up to the lender you choose to consider the rest of your financial condition and determine whether or not they want to approve your application. Under eligible lender requirements, they are obligated to perform an assessment of your business’s finances at the time of the application, including the consideration of other debts and loans.
Main Street New Loan | Main Street Existing Loan | Main Street Expanded Loan | |
---|---|---|---|
Term | 5 years | 5 years | 5 years |
Minimum Loan Amount | $250,000 | $250,000 | $10,000,000 |
Maximum Loan Amount | Lesser of $35M or 4x 2019 adjusted EBITDA | Lesser of $50M or 6x 2019 adjusted EBITDA | Lesser of $300M, 35% of outstanding and undrawn available debt, or 6x 2019 adjusted EBITDA |
Risk Retention | 5% | 15% | 5% |
Repayment | 33.33% per year | 15% first year, 15% next year, then 70% in the final year | 15% first year, 15% next year, then 70% in the final year |
Rate | LIBOR + 3% | LIBOR + 3% | LIBOR + 3% |
Lender Transaction Fee | 100 basis points of principal loan amount | 100 basis points of principal loan amount | 75 basis points of principal loan amount |
Borrower Origination Fee | 100 basis points of principal loan amount | 100 basis points of principal loan amount | 75 basis points of principal loan amount |
All three loan types are 5-year loans, and can either be secured or unsecured
Unfortunately, the Federal Reserve will not issue loans less than these minimums under any condition. You may want to check out other available SBA loans if your needs call for lower lending amounts.
This may seem like a jumble of unfamiliar numbers and phrases, but your accountant and other financial officers should be able to get this information for you. EBITDA stands for “Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization,” so it essentially counts your earnings before they get deducted for one reason or another. This means that your maximum loan amount is based on a value centered around how much you earn. The EBITDA is a helpful way for lenders to use your profitability as a measure of your business’s performance.
Risk retention just refers to how much the lender needs to reserve for unexpected financial claims. The bigger loan you take out, the more the institution needs to set aside to safeguard unexpected loss.
If it’s a five-year term, why are you only repaying for three years? Luckily, payment is actually deferred for the first 24 months of the loan, both for payments that go toward principal as well as payments going toward interest, but take note that unpaid interest will be capitalized.
If you’re brand new to loans, “principal” refers to the actual amount you’re taking out, or the actual dollar value of the loan you’re requesting. “Interest” is essentially the cost of you having the loan, and it is typically charged on a recurring basis while you have the loan out. This is why you’re generally encouraged to pay off loans and other debts quickly. Afterall, the sooner you pay off, the less interest you ultimately pay.
A final note for those of you who are new to loans: “amortization” is a common term used in financial documents and by lending institutions to describe repayment. You’ll most often see phrases like “amortization table” and “amortization rate.”
LIBOR stands for London Interbank Offer Rate, which is a common benchmark interest rate index. These rates can change as frequently as every day and are announced every day, early morning, U.S. time.
If you aren’t familiar with loans and the points process, consider that basis points are commonly used when measuring interest or other financial figures. For the purposes of these loans, you can think of it this way: the lender transaction fee is a fee that your lender will pay to the Main Street Lending Program, and it will be based on how much of a loan you take out. Keep in mind that the lender does have the option to pass this fee onto you instead.
Don’t worry, this is the last loan term we’ll throw at you for a little while. The Borrower Origination Fee is essentially the fee that the lender charges you for going through the whole application process and actually providing you with a loan. This is a loan term you’ll see in almost every loan you take out, both business and personal, unless the lender is specifically offering a promotion like a $0 Origination Fee. This term is also calculated as a percentage of the amount you’re taking out and measured with basis points like the Lender Transaction Fee.
Each loan will also have an agreement called Required Borrower Certifications and Covenants. These essentially are promises that the business makes to the lender and to the program regarding the loan and their own finances. Usually, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), or some other officer who performs similar functions within the company will be responsible for reviewing and signing the document. The document is generally the same across all three loan types and contains the following provisions, taken straight from the documents themselves, with a brief explanation to give you some insight on what the clause actually means:
In other words: the business promises to prioritize this loan when it comes to paying back debt with the exception of debt that is mandatory and due. However, if the business sees an influx of profit and is looking to pay down some of their debts, this clause states that the Main Street Eligible Loan should be the priority to pay down
In other words: the business promises to maintain whatever lines of credit it already has, both with the lender they’re seeking the Main Street Loan from, or from any other lender with whom they already have lines of credit.
This is just asking the business to acknowledge that, as of the origination date on the loan, they don’t expect to file bankruptcy or go out of business within the next 90 days. In other words, if you are using the loan as a last-ditch effort and are already severely in debt or anticipate to be severely in debt to the point of bankruptcy anytime soon, you may violate the terms of the loan
This just asks that the business follows its compensation, stock repurchase, and capital distribution as it usually does under direct loans. The exception noted is for pass-through entities like partnership limited liability companies whose financials generally “pass through” the business and apply directly to the members or owners of the business.
Again, you as a business are responsible for doing your due diligence to ensure you’re even eligible for the loan. You are responsible for making sure that you meet all of the eligibility requirements listed and that you don’t meet ineligibility requirements. To refresh your memory, this includes but is not limited to:
The next step, and arguably the most important step, is the application process. Keep in mind that the federal government guidance steps down here and hands the decision power over to lenders, so even if you meet all of the Main Street Lending Program requirements, and even if you took out a Paycheck Protection Loan, you still may not qualify for a Main Street Lending Program loan under the discretion of the lender you choose.
When it comes to actually choosing a lender, remember that there are lenders out there who aren’t actually eligible to participate in this Main Street Lending Program. For now, eligible lenders are federally insured depository institutions like banks and credit unions as well as U.S. banks that are affiliates of foreign banks. To help you choose a bank, you can go through a company like Lendzi, where you can fill out a single application and match with over 75 lenders, giving you a wide range of small business loan options to compare and contrast in order to find just the right one for you. The best part about using Lendzi is that getting started won’t hurt your credit score and there’s no obligation.
When you find your lender, you’ll go through a fairly typical loan application process from there, submitting the documents as required by the lender in order for them to determine your financial condition and lending credibility.
If you’re a lender or if you’re interested in the requirements on the eligible lender side of things, consider these conclusive pieces of information as well as a list of resources you may find helpful in your venture toward a Main Street Lending Program Loan:
There are quite a few Main Street Lending Program requirements and certifications that you must also meet in order to participate as an eligible lender. The good news is, as mentioned earlier, just like the requirements to become an eligible lender are fairly lenient, so are the requirements for borrowers:
An Eligible Lender is a U.S. federally insured depository institution (including a bank, savings association, or credit union), a U.S. branch or agency of a foreign bank, a U.S. bank holding company, a U.S. savings and loan holding company, a U.S. intermediate holding company of a foreign banking organization, or a U.S. subsidiary of any of the foregoing.
There are not many financial institutions in the United States that are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, also known as the FDIC. You are most likely an FDIC-insured financial institution unless you are insured by some other means, such as the Bank of North Dakota, which is state-run and also state-insured.
Just as with borrowers, lenders must certify and agree to a list of provisions regarding their responsibilities in the loan process, with the section/document appropriately titled the Required Lender Certifications and Covenants:
This is sort of a mimicry to the borrower commitment earlier about prioritizing debt payoff. This states that the lender promises not to require the borrower to repay any other loans they’ve extended to the borrower until the Main Street Lending Program Loan has been repaid in full, of course with the exception that the other loan payments are mandatory.
Again, this mimics what’s in the borrower’s covenants. The lender promises not to cancel or reduce any lines of credit that the borrower has with them, unless of course the borrower defaults by not making payments.
In other words, the lender has to use the same methods to calculate the borrower’s adjusted 2019 income (EBITDA) as they have for other loans or other borrows before the inception of the program. This is particularly important because it helps to determine the leverage requirement for the loan.
Finally, we see the same expectation for lenders as we see for borrowers: you as the lender are responsible for doing your due diligence to determine if your institution meets eligibility requirements, especially considering potential conflicts of interest laid out in the CARES Act section noted above. While the requirements to become an eligible lender are not vastly difficult to meet, it is still your responsibility to ensure that you do meet those requirements.